Lumbar spine osteochondrosis is a disease that is a special form of damage to the spine. Patients with this disease complain of fast fatigue, back pain, legs, which causes limiting motor activity. With osteochondrosis, there is a deformation of intervertebral discs, there is a decrease in their height, dystrophy and heart, the growth of vertebrae. By diagnosing radiography, discounts are clearly visible.
The deformation of cartilaginous tissue during the development of osteochondrosis is a complex process, including biochemical and vascular changes. First of all, the fibrous ring is destroyed as a result of which the pulp is introduced to it. As a result, the fibrous ring is torn and the hernia of the disc is formed. In this case, the low boiling and low-loan segment is subjected to the highest load. The hernia of the disc, squeezing the spinal cord or its roots, becomes the cause of back pain, which responds in the leg.
The most powerful sciatic nerve in the human body is formed by sacral roots of the spinal cord. They, like the lower lover, are annoyed with osteochondrosis. From the Latin name of the sciatic nerve, in connection with this, the second name of the disease was formed - Ishias.
Due to violation of the cartilage tissue structure, intervertebral discs, which are special cartilage structures, can no longer fulfill all their functions in full. This leads to loss of flexibility and mobility of the spine. The processes, which in the early stages of the disease only affect intervertebral discs, gradually applies to the vertebrae themselves.
Discogenic radicolit, which is considered one of the most common symptoms of osteochondrosis, is found in almost every fifth person over 30 in the world. At risk, people of active age are often at risk. Osteochondrosis deprives the ability to engage in active activity and usually causes disability.
Symptoms of Lumbar Osteochondrosis
The main symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis are strong on the back. However, in addition to this sign, there are several others. Therefore, patients suffering from this disease are quickly tired, complain of headaches, fatigue and irritability. Back discomfort does not allow you to choose a convenient position to sleep so that the body cannot relax completely and recover after the end of the day. Loss of force forces the patient to minimize physical activity and prevent pain. This leads to the fact that over time it is not able to perform simple actions, for example, to provide their own domestic needs.
Problems in the work of the genitourinary system can also be one of the symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis. They appear in the form of pain in the renal area. In patients with osteochondrosis, urination is interrupted, the unexpected occurrence of discomfort caused because. This leads to the instability of the vertebrae, which due to the deformation are not fixed by intervertebral discs. The load in the spine causes the moving of the lower back department of the sacred when the severity of the force is exposed to it. This process leads to damage to the internal organs, problems in their work. In women, ovaries, appendages and uterus more often suffer, and the power is disturbed in men.
Osteochondrosis is characterized by an increase in leg sensitivity, including stop, hips and legs. These are cramps that can lead to total pulse loss. The skin of the patient with osteochondrosis in the legs is very dry, peeled and covered with goose bumps in the area of discomfort. During pain seizures, perspiration is disturbed.
All symptoms of osteochondrosis can be classified in the following groups:
Rook Syndrome
Intervertebral disc thinning leads to loss of stability vertebrae. Having become furniture, they begin to get angry and squeeze blood vessels and nerve roots with sharp movements and strong physical effort. This process minimizes pain in the lower back, but they resume with renewed vigor where the nerve is compressed. The pain is acute and drilling. The most discomfort is expressed in the leg, thigh, foot and buttock. Unpleasant sensations make the patient change the march, leaning to the opposite side of the nerve.
When the nerve roots become irritated for a long time, their inflammation, swelling, venous stagnation and intoxication occur. Pain applies to muscles, ligaments. It is more acute in moments of physical activity, especially if performed without hot -ups immediately after sleep or a state of rest. Pain is often accompanied by increased perspiration, which replaces the feeling of chills.
The manifestations of root syndrome also include tingling, numbness and loss of sensitivity. The muscles lose their tone so that patients cannot stand long -term physical activities, for example, descend and lift the stairs, get tired quickly. Pelvis functions are interrupted in especially severe cases. In this case, even the occurrence of paralysis and paresis is possible.
Ischemic syndrome
The close nerve roots are blood vessels, which are compacted during deformation. In the early stages of osteochondrosis development, the arteries are periodically squeezed, but a spasm acquires a constant character. In this case, there is a "lome punctuated", the patient should usually stop and rest with a long walk.
Closing blood vessels lead to the fact that the pelvic organs do not receive the necessary nutrients. This causes pain inside the hips, perineum, buttocks to their paralysis.
Vertebrate syndrome
Under the influence of pain, ischemic and root syndrome, the skeleton of the patient with osteochondrosis is deformed. One person begins to lean, he has a pelvis and spine, the muscles weaken, atrophy. All of these changes affect the gait, which is adjusted depending on the pain area, becomes tense and uncertain. Gradually, the entire musculoskeletal system is exposed to osteochondrosis and intervertebral discs continue to collapse.
Pain syndrome (pain with lumbar osteochondrosis)
Unpleasant sensations and back discomfort are the main symptoms of osteochondrosis. The nature and strength of pain change, depending on the stage of development of the disease.
At first it is felt only in the lower back at the time of increased joint, muscles and ligaments, ie when performing physical exertion. It can also be constantly painful. But with the development of osteochondrosis, acute pain or change occurs even with sneezing, cough.
Palpation, as a rule, allows to determine the seal in the muscles. A pain attack can last several days, and all this time the patient needs to observe bed rest to minimize unpleasant back sensations. Any clear movements, weight lifting cause discomfort.
Causes of osteochondrosis lumbar
The following main reasons for the development of lumbar osteochondrosis are distinguished:
- Irregular load in the column. According to experts, osteochondrosis is characteristic of a person as a biological species, since it is largely due to their way of life and frankness. The need to keep the body position at a given position requires constant tension of the musculoskeletal system. The ideal load in the column will be standing up. In a position on the back, it is minimal, on the side - a little more. But in a sitting position, the load in the lumbar spine increases significantly. The slope of the forward body creates an additional voltage to the front edge of the vertebrae and spine column. Therefore, it is recommended to periodically change the position of the body, giving the muscles to relax and change the load in the spine and keep the back straight.
- Hypodinamia. A sedentary lifestyle, the use of a car and public transportation, spending a lot of time on a computer and TV - all contributes to the development of problems with the spine, including osteochondrosis. A significant part of the population is missing in motor activity. A passive lifestyle leads to the fact that the musculoskeletal system weakens. In a sitting position, the column is subjected to maximum load, this becomes the cause of cartilage tissue deformation and, as a result, osteochondrosis of the lower back. Therefore, it is so important to get up and perform a set of exercises periodically. When a person spends a significant part of time in a folded position, the folded muscles stretch and lose their tone.
- Very high physical activity. Increased motor activity, such as its disadvantage, can also cause osteochondrosis. Back pain usually cares about the athletes involved in heavy athletics. This sport requires weight lifting, which creates additional tension for the back muscles and causes the formation of intervertebral hernias.
- Incorrect posture. In the curved position of the spine, the load is distributed unevenly, and this leads to the deformation of the intervertebral discs. The same influence is influenced by the inadequate walk. People and the elderly fall into the risk group, because over time, intervertebral discs become less elastic, lose their mobility and are more easily damaged.
- Bone system defects and genetic predisposition, infectious injuries and diseases. As a rule, osteochondrosis causes congenital problems with the musculoskeletal system. In addition, the cause of the disease may be the natural fragility of cartilage. Osteochondrosis also develops as a complication after various damage to the spine, osteomyelitis, tuberculosis.
- Smooth feet. In patients suffering from flat feet, the whole foot does not perform depreciation functions, as is the case in normal state. Thus, when moving, the entire load is taken on the intervertebral discs as a result of which its rapid wear occurs.
- Overweight. Extra kilograms are an additional load source in the heart and bone muscle system, including the spine. According to statistics, overweight people are more susceptible to various diseases.
- Inflammatory processes in the body. The development of osteochondrosis is facilitated by factors such as hormonal changes, problems with spine joints, for example, rheumatoid arthritis, endocrine, digestive and cardiovascular system.
- Life. Many patients do not pay due attention to their health: they move little, do not sleep enough, eat incorrectly. This leads to increased fatigue, violation of the psycho -emotional state, stress. All of this makes the body very vulnerable and contributes to the development of lumbar osteochondrosis.
Lumbar osteochondrosity
There are 4 degrees of lumbar osteochondrosis:
- Cracks appear within the fibrous ring, which are filled with a jet core substance, which causes irritation. At this stage, the deformation of intervertebral discs is poorly expressed and manifests in the form of reflex ball symptoms. The patient may complain of heart pain, lumbar. At the back of the cause of discomfort, clear movements, the weight lifting becomes. Depending on the character, 2 types of pain are distinguished: Lumbalia and Lumbago. In the first case, it is stable and, in the second, occurs suddenly;
- The destruction of the fibrous ring continues. However, there is a reduction in gap between the vertebrae, nerve endings are compressed. At this stage, a phenomenon such as pseudo -conductilisthesis of the lumbar region is characteristic. This is the name of the vertebrae displacement process in relation to each other, which leads to the pinch of nerve endings and causes pain. The column is characterized by unusual mobility. With 2nd degree osteochondrosis, patients complain of pronounced discomfort in the back, lumbar region, heat and cold are felt alternately. The pain is manifested by seizures, during which the goose bumps appear on the skin and the intensification intensifies;
- The fibrous ring is finally torn and the jacket core is squeezed outside. Intertertebral hernia appears. Tighten the core in the spinal canal area leads to squeeze the vessels and roots of the spinal nerves.
Column deformation is formed by lordosis, kyphosis or scoliosis. With lordosis, the column is converted forward. This violation of its normal position greatly complicates the work of internal organs and their systems. With the kyphosis, the upper column is curved and there is a feeling of tilting in advanced cases. The lateral curvature manifests itself in the form of scoliosis. When a patient who suffers from osteochondrosis with this column curvature leans forward, asymmetry becomes noticeable thanks to the blade or salient rib;
- The last step of osteochondrosis is the most dangerous, as the column is finally deformed, which makes complete motor activity impossible. Bone growths become noticeable on radiography. Although the pain has not disturbed the patient for some time, this does not indicate an improvement. 4 Degree of osteochondrosis usually ends with disabilities.
